Survey about CWsandbox tool which used for dynamic malware analysis Research Paper

play along about CW sandpile tool which used for dynamic malw be analysis - Research Paper ExampleGeneral sandpit Architecture A sandbox is deployed to secure a figurer organisation from external attacks that are try through malware (malicious class). According to Hoopes (2009), the approaches used are either to block the critical accessibility of a malware or to introduce a simulated purlieu with arrant(a)ly virtual computing resources like CPU, file system and the memory. This virtual environment enables the program to get executed in a completely isolated environment which is disconnected from the real execution environment within which it resides. The main idea is to monitor the accessibility of program (under observation) to system resources. This way the system can be brought back into the safe state after complete behavioral analysis of the suspected program. The fringe benefit of this approach is the usage of a lighter protective c all overing protocol for the underlyin g system that improves its working efficiency. The behavioral analysis keeps the execution environment intact. This gives it an edge over instruction level analysis (basically d unrivaled using debuggers or dis-assemblers). CWSandbox architecture and get goinging CW sandbox is one the sandbox applications that are in use. Every sandbox application has its own mechanism to secure the computer system environment. CWSandbox comprise of two executable files namely cwsandbox.exe and cwmonitor.dll. The former is the central application that initiates the malware and manages the complete demonstrate of analysis. The latter on the other hand is a DLL (Dynamic Link Library). This library is introduced into all processes in the malware that are under observation. This way the malware is actually executed and being interacted by the sandbox along with its own execution. The function of the DLL file is to catch each API critical call from malware and to inform the central application (cwsandb ox.exe) about it. The sandbox (main application) then takes some time to analyze the call in order to either delegate the harbour to the required API (in case of safe conclusion) or to answer the call with a virtual error subject (in opposite case). Along with the keeping an eye on every malware call, the DLL also makes it certain that the sandbox is unbroken informed about other malware activities like injecting a code into an already executing process or creating a child process. In both cases the DLL is instantiated again to be injected into the child process or the already running process. Figure 1.0 below, elaborates the described functioning. The CWSandbox uses the native execution environment unlike other sandbox schemes. This in turn reduces the delay caused by the analysis mechanism. Enormous communication exists between the main application (executable) and ingrained instances of DLLs. Each notification call from a DLL to sandbox contains a lot of information that requ ires a egg and reliable mechanism of communication between processes. In order to fulfill this requirement the sandbox is unremarkably equipped with high efficiency IPC (Inter Process Communication) mechanism. Figure 1.0. Sandbox Instance using CWSandbox (Source Hoopes J. 2009. Virtualization for Security) CWSandbox Malware Handling and synopsis Mechanism The mechanisms that are performed by a sandbox can be distinguished into three separate. These parts may

Qualifying Exam Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

change Exam Theories - Essay ExampleInternational organizations backed by World Bank shake been advocating meagreness alleviation through economic policies that are international in nature but have the potency to influence national policies (Introduction to international relations Social constructivism, 2012, p 170). There is an emerging global anti-poverty agenda that has changed the rules the way people, governwork forcet and other public organizations are tackling poverty (Noel, 2006). There are several theories that have emerged to explain and tackle poverty however, all theories seem to agree upon the issue of tackling the problem as constitutional and arising in the brotherly structure, which is also seen to be the best solution seems (Altatis, 2012).Liberalism postulates freedom of thought and expression and opposes ultraconservative and authoritarian views. It is a doctrine aimed at helping the outward welfare of men and does not postulate into account the inner welfa re. It is concerned with the outward conduct of men. This doctrine recognizes that inner welfare cannot come from outward, moneymaking(a) possession. However, it posits compare of material possessions based on division of labor and case-by-case capability to labor and temporal possession.Outer well being as advocated by liberalism and its proponents is very much needed for man as it gives every individual a chance and the right to equal opportunity. This theory is based on equality of men in line with the natural law and law of enlightenment and demands equality of political and well-behaved rights to all men. It is based on the assumption that differences between men are artificial and that all men are created equal, and hence need to be given equal rights (Mises, 2012).With equality under law, each individual will have the right and freedom to work to his capacity to be able to attain social equality. Although private ownership is said to create differences in terms of materi al possession, liberalism with its stress on moneymaking(a)

Regal Movie Theaters (geographical distribution analysis) Essay

Regal Movie Theaters (geographical distribution analysis) - Essay ExampleThese are discussed in detail below Selection of Particular state and urban center This is a bit like poring over macro economics. The data required here shall be very broad in nature and a birds view will be taken of the state as a market on its declare and whether it is advisable to enter it or not. Population, education index, earning index, human development index, per capital income, political stability and efficacy to natural calamities are some of the factor which will need to be considered. The profitability will imagine finally on number of people coming to Regal theatre, but that number of customer visits is placed by the above factors. Selection of particular district in selected city In each city there are various different segments which are not a formal division of city but still people identify them as different. A phone line district, a red get off district, an eating area and an area po pular with kids are few examples how a city can be broken down into for ease of decision making process. Movie theatre business is a business of entertainment. Regal would specifically want to avoid schools, brothels or hospitals next door to avoid any fight of interest.

The Idea of Relationship Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Idea of Relationship Marketing - Essay casefulIn this new method it was looked after that the individual transactions are important but it is to a greater extent important to maintain long termed relationships with the customers. The basic fundamental of this format is to develop an understanding of the customers views and needs so it would enable the seller to provide a wide range of articles or service for a semipermanent term. There are six fundamental principals or fundamental markets that are identified by Adrian Payne of Cranfield University in 1991. These are customer markets, influence markets, referral markets, recruitment markets, supplier markets and internal markets. (Fletcher, 2003)But there are contract criticisms to the approach of relationship marketing. According the critics this approach could hardly be evaluated as marketing. This is because this form defies the basic touch of marketing principal which states that the duty of market is to understand the ne ed of the customer in the first baffle and provide the solution. On the contrary relationship marketing could be enumerated as an extended variation of management, thought process and public relation. (Lamb, 2004)However, it could be stated in this context that t

Gulf Coast Medical Center Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gulf Coast Medical Center - Essay ExampleOn the separate hand, the charge of radiologists and the hospital administrators will ensure understanding of the issues with delay in scheduling mathematical processs with the facility. Therefore, while physicians would be sufficient to more easily identify the likely problems causing the unusually long time each procedure takes, the administrators and managed care companies might be better able to identify issues related with time it takes physicians to schedule a slot at the facility.The Shewhart Cycle proposes a four- ill-use process of continuous quality improvement which includes Act, Plan, Check and Do (Shewhart, 1980). Creating a constitute group to identify the relevant issues with the facility is obviously the first step, i.e. Acting. The outcome of deliberations of the arrive at group which will identify the relevant issues and propose steps towards resolving these issues is the Planning stage. The outcome of the work group w ill be critically appraised in the light of activities and practices of competitors and what is obtainable in evidence establish practice, for viability which is the check process. Lastly, once the feasibility of these recommendations has been ascertained, implementation will follow.Reduction in the time and processes required for physicians to lay out a procedure slot in the facility by 40% after sextuplet months and tutelage up with what is obtainable from competitors within th... Improving customer perception of the facility through better cleanliness, reduced charges and change magnitude follow up screens.d Measuring the Success of the Work GroupThe success of these measures would be careful byReduction in the time per case from 1.5 hours per case to 55mins per case in the first six months and down to the national average of 50mins per case after 12months. Reduction in the time and processes required for physicians to get a procedure slot in the facility by 40% after six mo nths and keeping up with what is obtainable from competitors within the next 18months.Better customer perception of the facility as careful by increased return rates for follow up screens and better customer satisfaction feedbacks. 2. relations with Physician Perforation Rates The medical profession being a human endeavor is prone to demerits, miscalculations and other human errors, and the endoscopy services is not an exception. Several government documents have acknowledged the fact that medical error is a human fact (Linda, et al., 1999). Therefore, perforation after colonoscopy is no an unusual thing, however, the rates should not be as well as high. Thus to deal with the high physician perforation rates in the Gulf Coast Endoscopy Facility, the first step would be to get better commitment from physicians. The facility should be able to ensure that physicians get a procedure slot without having to go through so much time wasting processes and requirements. Furthermore, the f acility should be placed in a better competitive position, through cleaner and tidier environment, better facilities, so that the improve customer levels will encourage the physicians to do better jobs (Wennberg, 2005, Kaiser Family Foundation, 2004). However, besides the

Fluid coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

runny coursework - Essay ExampleIncrease in velocity of the fluid leads to decrease of the pressure exerted by the fluid. The equating defines is the relationship between the velocity of the fluid that is hightail iting in the pipe and the cross sectional force field of this pipe. As the radius of the pipe decreases the velocity of the watercourseing fluid willing increase and vice-versa.Fluid flow through a pipe will be used to study the Bernoulli Effect under precise requirements and constrictions. There will be calculations, results tables and plotted graphs that will be analyzed to arrive at the Bernoulli equation. The prove requires a Bernoulli tube, Hydraulic bench, Stop watch and the venturi meter.To calculate the mass flow rate, the fluid weight which is 10 kilograms will be divided on the time of each pattern of flow in seconds. The resulting harbor will be divided on the on jet which is the density of the water to get the volumetricalal flow rate.Slow flow rate The time calculated is 49.12 seconds, the weight of fluid is 10 kilograms, accordingly mass rate= (10/49.2). To reign the volumetric rate, the resulting value will be divided on 1000 which is the density of water, therefore volumetric rate = 0.000203583Medium flow rate The time calculated is 32 seconds, the weight of fluid is 10 kilograms, therefore mass rate= (10/32). To obtain the volumetric rate, the resulting value will be divided on 1000 which is the density of water, therefore volumetric rate = 0.000313Full flow rate The time calculated is 29.05seconds, the weight of fluid is 10 kilograms, therefore mass rate= (10/29.05) To obtain the volumetric rate, the resulting value will be divided on 1000 which is the density of water, therefore volumetric rate = 0.000344The ideal results that should be obtained is the constant values for the total head as Bernoulli equation stated, exactly there are few

A topic that shows an understanding of economics conept Term Paper

A topic that shows an understanding of economics conept - Term Paper ExampleWal-Mart gets a huge discount for get the milk in large quantities. Similarly, the suppliers who deliver the ten thousand cartons enjoy the economies of scale. The bell of delivering galore(postnominal) cartons is remarkably low. Notably, the average cost of delivering the thousand cartons is less than that of transporting hundred. In effect, the transport cost per unit reduces remarkably. The supplier get out need to pay a single driver, and the fuel cost will remain fixed.It is evident that the economies of scale benefit the firms that purchase products in large quantities. The reduction of the cost per output in turn increases the profitability of firms as in the case of Wal-Mart. The Wal-Mart economies of scale is internal. It is specific to the individual enterprise. Boyes and Melvin (2012) contend that the firms that buy products in pot for resale benefit from the internal economies of scale know n as buying. Such firms reduce the expenses including the transport costs. Wal-Mart continues to gain the purchasing economies of scale for buying products from the suppliers in large quantities. Similarly, the supermarket chain achieves purchasing discount. In essence, Wal-Mart and suppliers benefit from the economies of scale by purchasing and delivering in bulk respectively. Therefore, firms should capitalize on the economies of scale to maximize profits and reduce the cost of production as exemplified by Wal-Mart.The economies of scale enjoyed by the Wal-Mart can be used expound the patterns of global trade. In effect, the exploitation of the economies of scale can explain the growth of firms such as Wal-Mart in a particular industry. Boyes and Melvin (2012) argue that economists utilize the economies of scale justify free trade policies. Perhaps, the economies of scale, which Wal-Mart enjoys, has facilitated the expansion of the chain supermarket to many parts across the globe . The low cost of

CLAFIFYING THE PURPOSE OF THE HRD EFFORT Assignment

CLAFIFYING THE PURPOSE OF THE HRD EFFORT - Assignment ExampleSome of the innovative action lines of the caller-out specialize in the production of hybrid-electric automobiles, all-electric automobiles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and hydrogen fuel-cell driven vehicles (Toyota Corporation, 2013). Mission/ Goals of the Company The military mission of the gild reads, Toyota will lead the way to the future of mobility, enriching lives around the world with safety and most trustworthy ways of moving people (Toyota Corporation, 2013a). The goals attached to the mission statement of the company include engaging the passionateness and the talents of its human resource-base, towards delivering on the promise. The mission of the company emphasizes that the company intends to become a leader in the industry, which has exhibit through the production of all-electric vehicles (Toyota Corporation, 2013a). Secondly, the company has set out to run low towards the enrichment of peoples lives, with responsibility and laid-back levels of safety. The company has demonstrated its commitment to the mission, through its continuous pursuit to set the standards for comfort and safety in automobiles. The mission statement of the company The mission statement of the company states the following To attract and attain customers victimization high-valued products and services and the most satisfying ownership experience in America (Toyota Corporation, 2013a). ... The production department checks that the company meets projected production plans in a timely manner, and also checks that products of the right quality are produced by the company. Sales and marketing develop the marketing mix, promotes products and markets the products of the company. Customer service checks that the complaints of customers are effectively resolved and turn to and that service delivery is fashioned in an effective manner (Toyota Motors, 2011b). Human resources checks that the right skills and workforce is a ttracted by the company and that the human resources are fully utilized. Accounting is responsible for checking the threshold of business, reporting profit or losses and giving inferences on operational efficiency. Purpose of the HRD effort The role of the HRD effort in the company Traditionally, the roles of the human-resource development (HRD) departments revolve around the improvement and reshaping of the knowledge, the skills and the attitudes of the human resources of the organization. The success of the HRD effort has been evaluated through gauging the satisfaction of individuals with events, their work and other members of the organization (Woodall, 2001). Further, HRD is sometimes viewed as a value-added exercise, which is core to the business success. At Toyota Corporation, the HRD has been given a deeper meaning, where the HRD effort has been continually used as a tool for the management and the reshaping of the HR resources, so that they provide handle the changes and th e instability of the world economy and business in general (Toyota Motors, 2011b). For example, through the promotion of a culture of flexibility and information, the company has

Teaching vocabulary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Teaching expression - Essay ExampleThis is because, the LAD as a gubbins which inheres man and helps him learn language, atrophies with age. The acquisition of language also goes hand in hand with the acquisition of vocabulary. neutrality whitethorn also serve as a strong impediment to the acquisition of vocabulary since it is virtually impossible to educate someone on matters he is not interested in. Language-related illnesses and impairment such as Warnickes aphasia and global aphasia may be setbacks to the knowledge and acquisition of vocabulary. Those who squander suffered global aphasia concur spectacular difficulty in understanding words and pass watering words. In the case of Warnickes aphasia, a student may fail to realise that he is using wrong words have great difficulty in understanding some words and not appreciate how words are strung together to form a phrase, clause or a sentence. Again, those with Warnickes aphasia have a problem building vocabulary since Warn ickes aphasia affects the region of the brains left hemisphere which is responsible for the understanding of words. Question B There are certain activities which a teacher can expend to solve some of the problems which have mentioned above. When dealing with linguistic barriers which non-native adult speakers use, it is important for me to use both peripheral acquisition and direct study. This involves, having unspoilt and self-motivated students to read a lot of books which are suited for their age. The teacher can then follow incidental acquisition method with vocabulary logs and other techniques which shall also be divulged upon. It is also important to follow up the use of the incidental acquisition model with the provisions of direct study. The use of direct study models provide help high-risk students struggling with vocabulary. The strength of direct study helps the student develop his vocabulary by nurturing an independent variation culture alter the learners ability to use context clues and strengthening the learners context-clues vocabulary acquisition. This measure above will therefore require the teacher to harbor a classroom reading programme whereby he can have the students read in roll correct the readers phonology in case of a wrong pronunciation have students identify the meaning of a newly encountered vocabulary by using context-cues so that the student does not move to the dictionary give learners the exact meaning of the newly encountered lexicons with an example of a sentence and have the students record the very(prenominal) down and use them in a sentence. Again, it will be extremely helpful of me and to me to develop a multifaceted approach to vocabulary acquisition. This will entail helping learners to develop the culture of independent reading. As the teacher, I can help develop a recommended reading list, or form a recommended reading list with the school administration. The books in the reading list are those that should cha llenge the gifted and the talented, and help soggy learners. Thus, the books should be high-interest and low-level. Students will read some of these books independently. For the remaining books, the students can provide feedback by making ad-lib and written book reports producing plot summaries and if time allows making performances of key or important scenes. Similarly as an instructor, measures must be made to ensure that students are encouraged to use the different semantic deduction of words. This involves, hav

Abortion, a Right of Choice Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Abortion, a Right of prime(a) - Research Paper ExampleThere is no compromise to discuss, no middle ground to be negotiated one concerned with the freedom of choice and womans health the other the life of the unborn. To fitly examine the subject, the opposing viewpoints including the legal, medical and moral aspects must be argued with similar determination and without bias. The topic of spontaneous abortion is multi-faceted and each side of the issue provides thought-provoking, credible arguments. Its up to the individual to disseminate the information and fabricate up their own mind based on what they consider to be moral but everyone should say both positions and approach the subject with a no prejudices so as to bring the choice that is soft for them. This discussion first presents the right-to-life view then follows with the pro-choice position, both of which are complex and compelling. The moral chance for and against are important in a social context yet inconsequential because these emotion totallyy aerated opinions will not decide whether abortions remain safe and lawful or not. The discussion concludes that legal abortions should be the law of the land. Pro-Life This country was built upon the foundation of the freedom of choice. Those who are for legal abortions use this catch phrase while insisting on a womans God assumption right to make life choices on her own without the federal or state government interfering. This simple philosophy is current by some but the reasoning is flawed when the realities of abortion are studied. Research has shown that the majority of women who realize abortions are coerced into committing this deadly act of a living being. In addition, safe abortions are a myth, on that point is no such thing as they would lead people to believe. Women who are experiencing an unwanted pregnancy write out that there is precious little freedom of choice for them. The women themselves typically want to bring their child to r ipe term. Other dominant influences in her life such as parents, boyfriends/husbands and friends are usually the forces that put instancy on her to end the pregnancy. Eight out of 10 women surveyed after abortion said they would have given birth if theyd had support and encouragement from family and friends (Reardon, 2002). Its the abortion that, in most cases, is unwanted by the expectant mom, not the child. More often than not, the father of the baby, not wanting to accept responsibility, may hazard or mercilessly beg a mother until she agrees to have the abortion. In 95 percent of all cases the male partner played a central role in the decision (Zimmerman, 1977). This and other query has clearly illustrated that most women ultimately come to a decision that goes against her conscience. Legal abortion allows fathers to force their craving on women. Some women reluctantly consent to abortion out of desperation because they are afraid of act abuse. That fear is validated becaus e women who decline to abort their child have been subjected to severe abuses which have escalated to murder if the women keep to refuse to end the pregnancy. The primary cause of death for pregnant women is murder. What other motive than one involving abortion could there possibly be? Sixty-four percent of women surveyed report being pressured by others into unwanted abortions (Reardon, 1992). straightaway after the abortion is performed, the one(s) coercing the choice are relieved and rarely, if ever, give the inconvenient subject another thought. Women, in contrast, suffer long afterwards, consumed by guilt and heartbroken over their irreversible decision.

Is death denied in contemporary Australian society Provide examples to Essay

Is death denied in contemporary Australian society Provide examples to att exterminateant your argument - Essay ExampleThe emergence of hospices and palliative vex teams has make much to improve this difficult bea of healthcare. Nursing and hospice care professionals, rather than doctors and surgeons, are more routinely faced with dilemmas which related to the dignity of the person, and the way that psychological and social factors can impact positively or negatively on the experiences of patients, relatives and medical staff. This is an area which is less well researched, and the present paper considers the abundantly held impudence that Australian society generally denies death, and seeks to protect its citizens from facing up to the emotional consequences of death for themselves and their close relatives. At the present time there are heated debates about the ethical and moral issues surrounding death, ranging from support for medically assisted deaths, to vehement oppositio n of any intervention that could potentially hasten death. These are all important(p) issues which Australian society must tease out and openly examine if it is to provide the kind of end of life care that patients expect. The alleged tendency of Australian society to deny death could be seen as endangering attempts to improve end of life care. If people prefer to distance themselves from death, and to avoid talking or mentation about it then it is very difficult to work out what kind of treatment or care would be their ideal preference. For this reason it is important to consider attitudes and cultural values on a wide scale when considering medical and social processes. A medical service which is out of tune with the prevailing socialisation is unlikely to provide a sensitive and appropriate level of care. A closer look at this intriguing area of healthcare studies reveals that the whole death denying label may not be kinda as accurate an assessment as it appears on first sigh t. Historians such as Jalland (2002) and Davis and George (1990) trace the exploitation of Australian beliefs and customs from the aboriginal concepts of The Eternal Dreaming to the experiences of Australian soldiers in the First World contend who were taught to repress the horrors of mass warfare with the so-called stiff upper lip, (Jalland, 2002, 306) and to a much more mix modern situation where multiple ideologies and customs struggle for prominence. Despite a very evident mixture in modern Australia, this notion that the country is a death denying nation persists into the present day. Evidence for this demurrer of death thesis is found in the ideas of social scientists in the period from 1955 to 1985. (Zimmermann and Rodin, 2004, 121). Certain traditions such as elaborate funerals and mourning rituals for bereaved families were noted as being important smilerers of the transition from life to death, in earlier historical periods. In traditional Catholic societies, for exa mple, it was usual to hold a wake to mark the departure of a beloved family member, followed by commemorative mass celebrations. In Jewish societies there are similar commemorative events, and these rituals are deliberately communal and inclusive, providing a supportive framework for bereaved families to feed on while experiencing the first painful stages of loss. (OGorman, 1998, 1131-1132) The community as a whole took part in these rituals, and death in such a context

Evaluating the human resource development in public and private sector Dissertation

Evaluating the gentlemans gentleman resource increase in public and private sector IN Oman - Dissertation ExampleThe overall aim of evaluating the human resource outgrowth in public and private sector in Oman cannot be achieved in the absence seizure of a benefiting research design. The researcher shall therefore use the case study research design to adopt the present study. With the case study research design, the researcher shall be offered the opportunity to assume specific scenarios and cases for some(prenominal) the private and public sectors in Oman to investigate in. The case study shall also offer the opportunity of concourse and interacting with the most suitable and appropriate respondents whose inputs would affect the research positively. In the course of the case study, the researcher shall select specific institutions, companies and organizations that fall under both the private and public sectors. These institutions, companies and organizations shall also have di fferent industrial background so that a well balanced and comprehensive view of human resource development as it cuts across different quarters of Oman shall be seen. This is to say that the case study shall not be limited to specific industries or service providers.The researcher shall build a sample size that shall be made up of two hundred (200) respondents. These two hundred (200) respondents shall be solicited from as many as forty (40) different organizations and institutions. This means that there shall be five (5) respondents from each company. Among the companies, there shall be twenty dollar bill (20) from the private sector and twenty (20) from the public sector.

Company Law shareholders Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Company Law sh arholders - Case Study ExampleRemedies available to Samantha be bringing action section 994 (old459) of the Companies Act meant for Minority Shareholders petitions against the directors mis decree etc. and also a differential coefficient action.From time immemorial, minority shareholder has been discouraged to take action against the directors on the grounds of company world run on majority concept and on the basis of action if any should be interpreted only by the Company on the directors and not the shareholder in individual capacity. In Foss v Harbottle1, it was observed by the motor inn that minority should rather take necessary action through the congenital forum of company meetings. Wigram VC stated that in view of the majority rule, any unlawful conduct of the directors was satisfactory of being ratified by the majority and that it was not possible for the court to intervene. The only exception to the rule as observed by Jenkins LJ in Edwards v Halliwel l(1950)2, could be that the minority shareholder should show that the directors criminate of fraud were actually in control of the company rather than merely maintaining that majority could not legitimately ratify the wrong acts of the directors.3 In Ebrahimi v Westbourne Galleries Ltd4, the minority shareholder Ebrahimi sued on the basis oppression of minority and winding up on just and equitable grounds. The second one was accepted by the court holding that individuals rights should be respected and the rights were not necessarily submerged by the artificial corporate entity context.The minority shareholder Samantha is of the opinion that the purchase of the property of Pastry Products for 450,000 by Filo Ltd is prejudicial to its interests and now she has learnt that both the directors are together holding 44%(each 22%) of shares of that company and the proceeds of the sale of the property have been employ for payment of that companys dividends. Regulation 81(a) of Table A of Articles Filo Ltd has adopted, governs removal of directors along with other regulations from 81(b) to (e). Regulation 81(a) says the office of a director shall be vacated if-(a) he ceases to be a director by virtue of any proviso of the Act or he becomes prohibited by law from being a director5 Besides, a director enjoys immunity as per regulation 118 which indemnifies every director against liability incurred by authority of defence to any civil or criminal proceedings in case of judgment or reliefs in his favour. On the other hand a person conducting shareholder litigation has to meet be from his own sources in case of the derivative claim being rejected by the court. As per the naked as a jaybird Acts section 172 which came into force from October 1, 2007, directors must promote the success of the company for the benefit of the members as a only6 as against the earlier parallel provision that they should act in the best interests of the company. Government has beautiful th at to promote the success means long-term increase in value though this is subject to being confronted by a competing definition from potential litigants. Under Section 175 of the new Act, director has art to avoid conflict of interests. There should not be a situation involving exploitation of any property, information, or opportunity whether or not they are advantageous to the company. The acquisitioning of the property by Filo Limited from Pastry Products in which both of the directors hold 44% of shares falls under this section. Further it has been stated that

Using an extended example critically examine whether the sector matrix Essay - 2

Using an extended example scathingly examine whether the sector matrix framework gives a better strategic understanding of product markets than the concepts of product or commodity imprisonment - Essay causeing, franchising and other similar concepts gave rise to the for the most part held belief that they are the result of the market oriented strategies merely on much larger scale they were the result of larger shift into the overall perception in the market regarding how to achieve and sustain the competitive advantage. Many believed that strategic decisions like outsourcing was an attempt to focus unitarys attention to core competencies of the firm however, what was not realized is the fact that the resulting chain effects were largely directed at creating linkages between the demand as well as supply dynamics of the single industries.The evidence from Japan and other East Asian countries suggested that the inter-organizational cooperation between the different players in t he market indicated towards a much larger picture of how the inter-relatedness between the industries as well as companies can lead to the cosmea of chains. The emergence of subsequent ideas on the value chain as well as commodity chains attempted to define such relationships and linkages however, they lacked the theoretical as well as empirical validity and as such a more unique and innovative method of sector matrix was introduced to overcome the deficiencies of the to a higher place two concepts.Michael Porter was one of the earliest proponents of the value chain concept as he considered it as something through which firms can achieve and sustain their competitive advantage. By focusing on the primary as well as secondary activities, firms can effectively achieve the competitive advantage as some(prenominal) the activities are considered as mutually reinforcing each other to achieve the desired strategic objectives. What is also however, critical to note that the value chain, for the first time presented a concept which linked different activities of the firm unitedly and as such the overall success and failure of organizations largely depended upon how successfully the organization managers all these

Business Relationships Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business Relationships - see ExampleMost profession relationships contain elements of cooperation. In addition, telephone circuit relationships allow competition. Further, business relationships include in semi- runal Demand Management, Also, business relationships include Relationship and Supplier Selection. Plus, business relationships include Customer Relationship Strategy. And, buyer-Supplier Negotiation.Further, approximately business relationships contain elements of cooperation. Often, the cooperation being companies in the same market segment starts before any formal agreement has been perfected. genius company even developed the political power to try to solve round of its own business problems by searching and forging an alliance with otherwise business organizations. It had to address around of the issues in terms of reversing its sales slowdown. Many companies will present their best assets and income generating plans to its prospective grammatical constituentne r ecesis in order to win its nod to the merger. Many companies enter into mergers and consolidations by contributing money constancy and business secrets with the end in mind of distributing any profits among themselves after each accounting menstruation ends (Child, and Faulkner 1998, 84).And, this means that many companies founder mergers and consolidations by taking into consideration the structure and system that are to form the basic framework for bringing their strong business alliances to life. Many companies consider their prospective partners complementary part in their business union by taking into consideration the assets, skills and the possible synergies that could crop up as result of the business union. Many companies take into consideration the culture of the other company interested to join a merger or consolidation. Many organisations enter into informal merger or combination with other companies in the same line of business. For, many partners want to have a f air and reliable business agreement with other companies. Many of these partnerships agree to have fair and reliable agreement. These business agreements generally include the division of profits, segregation customer base, and other related concerns that would result to a fruitful relationship. In short, one of the most important topics that businesses combining with other businesses discuss is the appropriate value given to assets, liabilities, capital, revenues and expenses (Child, and Faulkner 1998, 84). In addition, business relationships include competition. Many companies have launched their products in the market with the hope that they will be able to adjourn a large portion of the competitors market share in terms of products. The political economy turn up often brings a health competition among the different companies engaged in the same kind of business. international business have joined unitedly in order to increase their market share over their competitors in the business wold. Today, the business environment has been renovated and innovated in terms of urban setting. Many competitors have bonded together to improve the lives of the employees as a member of its fold as well as their families (Clark 1999, 133).Cooperation crosses many boundaries. The beneficiaries of the frequent goods come from many countries, age, sex, beliefs and other diversities. The cooperation between two companies include companies located in both the

Understand Inclusive Learning and Teaching in Lifelong Learning Essay Example for Free

Understand Inclusive Learning and Teaching in womb-to-tomb Learning Essay1.1 Summarise Learning and develop outing strategies used in own specialism at bottom my own specialty theater having a variety of teaching methods and strategies to potentiate breeding is an absolute appropriate onment. The field caters to people from all kinds of backgrounds and levels of education so it must be flexible and adapt adapted enough to magic spell to its varied audience.It is unremarkably taught following a mix of teaching methods that focus on different reading strategies, and advise be identified as being an Interactive Lecture with some slight variations. It usually starts with a short lecture that lasts for approximately 15 proceedings and usually contains a metaphor, as a flair of introducing the subject and determining the boundaries by which the session is acquittance to be ruled and also a list of natural examples, that is, situations or contexts where the cross result being taught could be applied.Demonstrations follow so as to allow the students to familiarize themselves with the concepts to be studied in any(prenominal) given secern, and also to give them the prospect to see first hand what the topic being demonstrated means and gives them a rough image of what steps atomic number 18 to follow. These demonstrations usually take only skeletal frame 5 o 10 minutes and posterior be demonstrated by the teacher on a voluntary student or it can occur in the form of Video, where another teacher or practitioner of the craft demonstrates the topic of the illuminate.Discussion in the midst of the students about what they have seen, is a very(prenominal) useful part of assimilating what has been notice in the demonstration and it is also a way to check and evaluate if the students have understood what was going on during the demonstration and check if they have been able to recognize the steps followed during the demonstration to achieve the g oal result.Getting the students to put into Practice their eruditeness is another way to immediately test their understanding and skill at carrying out what was demonstrated during the demonstration. This can be re key outd by a Small Group Task, or a assort or individual project where the students can test their skills in carrying out part of what the demonstration entailed in addition of providing further information and come apart their interaction skills within a team. much small group discussions occurs after the students get to practice what they saw in the demonstration, where they get to comment and gurgle about difficulties, challenges and opinions in regards to how they found putting to practice and finally sh ar their conclusions with the class.The teacher ends the class by a small lecture style talk where s/he summarizes the key points reached during the class, and gives closure to the subjects of the session.1.2 condone how approaches to acquire and teaching in own specialism that ar inclusive and cope with the necessitate of learnersA number of students that attend courses within my own field of specialism are blind, colourize blind, dyslexic, or represent some kind of learning disabilities.Something that is always taken into account, are the learning strategies of the students that participate in any given class, their particular learning needs and other indispensabilitys that might be inevitable to support them in their learning process, this information is discovered through and through an initial questionnaire at the start of the course.With activities that require interaction with colour or visual elements, the games/activities are adapted or modified in order to compensate for the bulwark or disability/ies some particular students might present, by utilizing other senses as a way to replace the visual/colour component.Adapting other materials, activities and games, bringing in flexibility to the exercises is part of the proc ess to teach in my own specialism that are inclusive and meet the needs of the learners.2.1 Explain how to select resources that meet the need of learnersSelecting the resources that meet the needs of the learners is a constant process of consistent evaluation and change.Some of the factors that can influence the teaching methods engaged in any given context are the level of cognition and the level of commitment of the participants, which links with the level of responsibility they are able to cope with on their own, in addition to their preferred learning body/style, or any other physical, cultural, hearing, lyric or learning needs.Things such as the class environment and resource/teaching budget are also crucial resources can be costly so readying a sharing scheme or setting up small groups per resource can also be a good idea if it is not thinkable to find a suitable cheaper alternative. The characteristics of the roomHand-outs are one of the resources that can be provided in the form of notes, extra information, the students can always look back and refer to, when their preferred learning strategies are visual. Worksheets, books, flipcharts, printed quizzes in addition to textbooks and journals are also wonderful ways to potentiate learning through the visual sense,Whiteboards, blackboards, PowerPoint presentations, digital cameras, software, YouTube, other hardware or equipment and Moodle are more interactive ways of learning and their effectiveness depends on the suitability of methods for promoting learning.Knowing enough about the possibilities available and having the skill to confidently utilize it for it to be effective is also Copernican, in addition to the fact that a constant evaluation system should always be in place with the purpose of being able to make rapid changes whenever a teaching method does not have the results expected, and to find out what is effective and useful for any particular set of students.2.2 Explain how to provide o pportunities for learners to practise their literacy, language, numeracy and ICTIt is possible in my field, (NLP, Presentation Skills and performance enhancement) to present students with opportunities that require them to practice their literacy, language, numeracy and ICT skills in a variety of ways. Students are usually required to prepare some class with some recommended reading books, journals or articles, (depending on the particular aims of the course), occasions where they are able to practice their literacy and language skills.As communication is a key element in my field, the necessity for them to develop excellent manner of speaking skills is key, as it also requires preparation, as elements of clear enunciation, focusing and the design of presentations are usually present in most of the courses within this field.Numeracy skills are in most cases inherent as activities have to be very well timed and managed, and participants usually keep them within their own contexts a nd backgrounds at the same time they apply the skills learned during my courses, therein, time management, organizational skills and also an adequate level of numeracy are required. Through the skills learned during the course, a high level of focus can be dedicated to reaching high performance states which in case where a student might have difficulties with numeracy, if s/he so desires, s/he could have the choice to choose it s a context and create a correlation amongst a particular high performance state (different from their usual nervous/uncertain state) and numeracy.Students can develop or practice their ICT skills through the recommended online research and utilization of many online resources (forums, articles, blogs) that are available online for students, free of charge, in addition to having to prepare (in some courses), rough drafts for presentations to be handed in.3.1 Explain ways to engage and cause learners in an inclusive learning environmentThere are many ways t o engage and incite learners in an inclusive learning environment. First of all, as per the teaching and learning cycle, it is important to identify needs that could be fulfilled or covered in any particular way, for that it would be a requirement to have a target audience so as to be able to study, search and find what the potential target audience could want.Finding out what is of interest to them, so as to be able to develop an appropriate teaching strategy is crucial in order to engage and motivate learners, examples should be relevant to them. Ideally the competencies or skills to be taught could be taught through a utilization of content that is of interests them. We ejaculate flora many different types of flowers, they all have the same structure (form), a stem, a pistil, petals, pollen, etc. but the shapes (content) they take are very different, a Lily looks very different from a Rose and from a Bird of Paradise, a Daffodil or a Cherry Blossom.In the same way, by memory the intention (purpose/form) of an exercise the same and giving it a shape (content) that is of interest to the students, there is a higher possibility of getting the interest of the students, thus loving them and motivating them to participate in the activity/ies think for the session.Realizing, recognizing and acknowledging the differences between students, and respecting those differences, adjusting explanations, language and resources to include all participants is bound to also increase their engagement in the topic being covered.Acknowledging and recognizing the achievements of the students in the process of achieving the big goals and reminding them of the goals that are to be reached at the end of the course musical composition involving them in the process of taking responsibility for their own goals and reasons for being in the course.Providing the students and participants with clear, unique(predicate) and useful feedback that addresses specific areas or details that are lacking or would need further revision or study, with instruction manual of how to improve them or overcome them, is another responsibility of the teacher which potentially has great results in involving and engaging the participants of a course.3.2 Explain ways to establish ground rules with learners to promote respect for othersIt is important for the facilitators of learning to establish an appropriate micro culture within the members of a class.The way students interact with their environment, with each other (psychological climate) and the interactions between students and teachers sometimes must be defined and agreed to since the start in order to avoid misunderstandings or problems due to assuming that a set of ground rules were obvious and logical.These sets of behavioural rules, determined in consensus by the class during a session dedicated specially to designing these rules could include punctuality, part of this can be represented by arriving to class on time, respe cting time allocated for breaks, (coming back on time) and ending class at the finishing time, unless a special project or other activity is taking place which would take a few more minutes.Coming prepared to class is a very important ground rule, that would include bringing to class the materials (books, notes, pens, paper, etc) recommended by the teacher and having brought in homework, having studied or rewrite the learning materials in order to be a participative element in the class, by talking in turns, providing responses and sharing point of view in class.In the same topic, another ground rule to take into account in the subject of participating in class is to listen and respect the opinions and arguments of other classmates or teachers, even if those opinions differ from ones own, note that respecting does not mean having to agree, it simply means that the topic of variance or discordance is open for discussion, sometimes to be expanded on at a later on time.Participation in class, or the voicing of opinions, questions or doubts is essential for ensuring the concepts covered in class are well understood, it is capital to note that there must be an element of trust and confidentiality within the group so as to be able to talk freely without fear or recrimination or judgement. If feedback is to be provided in any kind of occasions it must be done in a reverential manner, with appropriate language.Following upon the concept of respect, the respect for the study/learning time is essential and can be demonstrated by switching off (or putting on silent, all electronic equipment that is not needed during the class that includes telephones, music players, iPads, tablets, computers, and all other electronic devises that could be a disturbance to the progression of the session.These rules are to be followed and reinforced within the group though the discussion and sharing these responsibilities, emphasizing how these ground rules are to help and support not only the teacher, but the students, in the learning process.

Short Cousework on Parts of Speech Essay Example for Free

Short Co hirework on part of obstetrical deli genuinely EssayI am equ anyy grateful to my lecturer, Madam come down Ziraiza Binti Raja Wan Ismail be stupefy she gave me moral support and guided me regarding the topic in this assignment. She had been very kind and patient while suggesting me the outlines of this myopic coursework in mob and correcting my uncertainties. I would like to thank her from bottom of my heart for her overall supports.Encourage is all important for me. I find myself beingness deeply indebted and grateful to those who invariably stand beside and backing me my p arnts and friends. I would like to show my appreciation to all of my fellow friends who are willing to spend their cartridge clip discussing together around this side assignment in the superchargeion of finishing this assignment. Thanks to them for their useful breeding and guidance in pasture to help out to make my assignment better from time to time.I am very thankful to everyone who had supported me, for I have completed this compact coursework effectively and just on time. By doing this assignment, I enkindle call in mind and increased my knowledge on English especially on grammar part. I sincerely hope that this assignment can encourage me and my friends to catch possess in English grammar from now on.INTRODUCTIONIn this short coursework, collar main things must be included which is parts of speech, types of sentences and tenses. According to Edward Sapir in his book Language an Introduction to the Study of Speech (1921), a part of speech outside of the limitations of syntactic course of instruction is but a will o the wisp. For this reason, no logical scheme of the parts of speech-their number, nature, and necessary confines-is of the slightest interest to the linguist. Part of speech can be defined as a classification of words according to how they are used in a sentence and the types of ideas they convey. The chief parts of speech in English are nou ns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions and interjections.There are three major types of sentences. They are simple sentence, compound sentence and complex sentence. Simple sentence similarly called an independent article contains a subject and a verb, and it expresses a complete thought. conflate sentence contains both independent clauses joined by a coordinator. The example of coordinators are for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. Complex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or much dependent clauses. A complex sentence always has a subordinator such as because, since, after, although, or when or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which.John Seely give tongue to in his book Grammar for Teachers ( 2007), Some grammarians define a tense as an flexure of the verb-a change of meaning you achieve by altering the form of the verb. In other words, tense refers to the form a verb takes depending on the time at which an action occurred. Tense s may also indicate whether an action, activity or state is, was, or will be complete, or whether it is, was, or will be in progress over a period oftime.The English grammar should be learned by everyone because it supplies essential information about the grammatical forms and structures of all the major and minor word classes that is important in daily conversations.2.2 TYPES OF SENTENCESSimple sentences1) exploitation countries contribute nearly half of the total GHG emissions.2) Climate change is steadily depressing crop yields.Compound sentences1) Numerous policy and scientific reports indicate that if better technologies and management practices are evolved and put into use, the agricultural celestial sphere can offer a huge potential to reduce GHG load in a cost-effective manner.2) It is estimated that an additional annual investment of USD 1.5 billion in culture and rural development will be needed to offset such an impact in in the south Asia.Complex sentences1) Sustaina bility has been given due term because in Asian countries intensive land use is accompanied by problems such as unknowledgeable exploitation of nature soil and water resources.2) It is estimated that an additional annual investment of USD 1.5 billion in agriculture and rural development will be needed to offset such an impact in South Asia and USD 7 billion on a global scale.REFLECTIONThanks to Allah S.W.T. for His Grateful finally I could finished my short coursework completely. In this short coursework, I have to select a text on environment. 10 sentences must be selected from the text and analyze the sentences according to the five parts of speech. Next undertaking is to give two examples of simple, compound and complex sentences each from the text. Lastly, the task needs me to construct 12 sentences from selected three verbs according to the sub tenses.I have gained a lot of benefits by doing this assignment. First, when I have set the article, I read it critically and drea d the type of sentences. This has improving my reading skill. Secondly, I practice to use correct and appropriate language structure in different types of writing. I admit that I was enervated in the grammar part. With this assignment, I could recall what I have learned in previous lesson at class before this and strengthen my English especially in grammar. Moreover, this assignment gives me opportunity to learn English grammar more as I know grammar scope is wide.The problem that I face in completing this short coursework is I have to select the most suitable text related to environment. The difficulty appeared when the text contains large sentences and it brings difficulty to me to analyze the sentences. To overcome this problem, I have discussed withmy friend about the best text to be selected. My friends and I help each other as the saying goes sharing is caring. Even Sir Winston Churchill said that If you have knowledge, let others light their candles with it.Finally, I would like to emphasis here that this coursework has build my repertoire of understanding the grammar in English. Hopefully the knowledge that I gained would be useful for me and my friends. Thank you.CONCLUSIONGrammar is one of the structures of language. It is very important to have a good basic grammar, as it is most important one being effective communication. Grammatical errors in both speaking and writing can distract from the message itself and cause negative feelings to the listener or reader. Avoiding grammatical errors can help students avoid low grades, low egotism and embarrassment.The key to good grammar is getting know first when to use which style and being able to arrest own reasoning. Bookstores, libraries, and the internet are full of information on proper use of grammar. In order to improve grammar supremacy, take some time to read the books, listen to the english tapes, visit english blade sites, and work on grammar skills. Conversation in english with friends may help to make english mastery better.Thus, I can conclude that grammar is subjective and quite doubtful however bad grammar should always be avoided.BIBLIOGRAPHYWren Martin, (2008), High School English Grammar Composition, S. Chand Company Ltd.Mark Cholij and Geetha Nagaraj, (2004), English Basic a companion to grammar and writing, C.O.S. Printers Pte LtdBetty Schrampfer Azar, (1996), Basic English Grammar Second Edition, Pearson didactics CompanyBetty Schrampfer Azar, (1992), Fundamentals of English Grammar Second Edition Pearson Education CompanyJ.S. Hooper, (2007), A Quick English Reference, published by Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd.Eddiplex, (2008), Advanced English Grammar, Eddiplex Sdn. Bhd. Lynne Hand, The Learn English Online Network, http//www.learnenglish.de/vocabulary/tenses/growtense.htmtop, access on 23 February 2011 Erlyn Baack, http//www.eslbee.com/sentences.htm, access on 23 February 2011 Demand Media (2010), http//www.essortment.com/parts-speech-34216.html, access on 23 February 2011 Englishclub.com, http//www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses.htm, access on 24 February 2011

Sparco Paints Essay Example for Free

Sparco winders EssaySika Paint Industries (Pvt) Limited is the manufacturer of the leading brand SPARCO commonly known by its trademark SPARCO Paints in the domesticated and the international market. Sika has steadily and progressively marched into newer heights of popularity and accomplishments in the past more than two decades of its inspection.The caller was founded by Malik Muhammad Javaid Iqbal in 1988 as a sole proprietorship concern led its fast offshoot with dynamism to make it a private limited caller-out in 2004. Ever since, the world of possibilities has neer stopped coming around for the society. Dynamic SuccessFrom a small business to a energising enterprise, Sika Paint Industries has consistently set foot through major cornerstones of its industry, gaining numerous milestones and nationwide identification to its credit. The company has met the growing demand of its huge industry through steady development of its product set about resulting in not only a ma jor market share but a larger base of loyal customers having good standing with them. Over the years, the gauge of its brand Sparco Paints has remained unscathed and caters to both the topical anaesthetic and international export market.Our Reasons of GrowthAmongst its many success factors, the deployment of technology, innovation and robust marketing and branding activities apply led to the rapid growth of Sparco Paints.The company concentrates primarily on decorative, industrial, auto, wood finishes and road marking paints for which the company owns the state-of-the-art manufacturing establishment equipped with latest machinery and laboratory facilities.Center of Effective ResearchThe company actively engages up-to-date research to boost the economic value of its paints and strives to improve its product quality with each base on balls day. The extensive research for innovative product knowledge and methods to engineer the product quality constantly invigorates its existence. The company has engaged in constant researching for best practices for the product development and hence successful in completely retaining its valued customers.Having received the ISO 90012008 quality control standard certification for its unmatched quality, the company implements its intricate quality assurance policies at all manufacturing stages including the procurement of raw material, its handling, work in progress, packing, finishing and the timely delivery of end products to the customer.The company firmly believes on providing the paint products of premium quality with intense technical stick up and color advisory services. The company promises to provide excellent service and achieve its objectives through experienced and swell trained professionals of the industry and competitive pricing.

Steps to Writing a Grant Proposal Essay Example for Free

Steps to constitution a hand Proposal EssayA grant proposal for human services is a written presentation of a program plan. This plan details how the applicant leave approach the place necessitates or problem with their proposed course of actions. The narrative section of a grant proposal ordinarily includes the following sections abstract, table of contents, specific aims/background and significance/needs and problem record, target populations, approaches and methods, long- and short-term goals, process, outcome, and doctor objectives, activity plans and scheduling (time job), military rating plan, agency capacity and project management and budget and budget justifications. Grant writing involves lots of planning, organizing, integrating, evaluating and critical thinking.The quality of grant proposal is one of the some important factors in funding decisions. The city of Portland is similar to many other communities throughout the country. As a large metropolitan city, the region has experienced increasing reports of municipal and youth force-out, spousal and tike abuse, assault, and incidents of road rage everywhere the wear 5 years. The peaceableness Domestic Violence Agency has a mission to reduce victim trauma, empower survivors, and promote recovery through direct services. field pansy is committed to reducing the incidence of versed assault and domestic force through education and strives to challenge societal norms and beliefs that condone and perpetuate violence in the community. In the berth of the PEACE Domestic Violence Agency, the grant starts by identifying the programs critical needs within the targeted community.The city of Portland has been experiencing an increase of domestic violence and youth violence, spousal and child abuse, assault and reports of incidences of road rage over the past five years. The abstract is the shortest section of the proposal, however it is the most important and most read section of the prop osal. The abstract typically includes the name of agency, type of agreement, purpose and objectives of the project, specific incumbrances for the project, target population demographic, age, race, gender, special needs, location and setting of project and relevance of the proposed project to the funding intentions. in that respect is then usually a table of contents developed, which allow also be one of the last parts to finish. It is a guide to what is in the proposal and tells you where information is located. The table of contents serves as a checklist during the writing process as well. The next section that should be completed is specific aims. This section is where the statement of problems and the issues to be addressed by the project go. This section will also include the working guess for the project. The PEACE has a particular belief that is motivating them and guiding them through the development of the program. In this section, the PEACE government activity will als o describe the expected outcomes, and interventions proposed to achieve these outcomes. When it comes to writing target populations, the PEACE organization will want to describe the target environment such as the community, neighborhood, city and district as well as the population being served.This section will include who and how many people will participate or be served through the PEACE organization. The organizations mission statement is a permanent expression of the reason for existence of the organization. But in order to bring the PEACE organizations mission statement into a more manageable level, there needs to be a list of goals created that are appropriate for the organization. Objectives should be included as well, which are a statement of measurable and directional change for a specific population in a specific time period.A time line should be created which is an expected schedule for activities by each component. A time line table services the writer to realize the p rograms time limitations and the need to plan well for the distribution and slaying of program activities. Program military rating is a type of evaluation research that systematically assessed the achievement of a specific program, in this case the PEACE organization. An evaluation plan is a design that the programs staff and evaluators will follow to assess the progress and results of the PEACE organization programs.A program evaluation plan should be developed along with the formulation of program goals, objectives and activities at the beginning of the program. The program evaluation will achieve some basic objectives such as documentation of program implementation strategies, intervention models, and other process information. It also is a measurement of the PEACE program outcomes and results and an assessment of overall electrical shock and success of the program.The agency capacity is associated with how much trust others put in the PEACE organization. It is important that th e PEACE organization convinces the funding sources that it is uniquely qualified and competent and they can entrust it with funding. The budget is a financial plan that estimates the cost for implementing a program and the allocation of these costs. There are many costs to tump over in the PEACE organization budget such as salaries for employees including payroll tax, health insurance, life insurance, rent, utilities, furniture, supplies, endure expenses, materials, trainings, etc.The PEACE Domestic Violence Agency is a great agency with the goal in mind of reducing the rates and incidences of domestic violence, through the process of education, as well as providing assistant to people who have been hurt or mistreated. This organization has programs put in place to supporter the men, women and children unheeding of their ages and personal background who have undergone some sort of abuse or mistreatment and are in need of assistance. This program is very important for a number of reasons, but mainly for the much needed help it would provide for those persons who have been involved in such a terrible situation like domestic violence. There are many financial needs that arise with any organization, but especially in a situation such as a domestic violence situation because the people in need of assistance may not have the funding to afford the help he/she will need to be safe.Depending on the situation at hand, the people seeking assistance from the domestic violence program may be looking for shelter from a loved one who has hurt them. If this is the case he/she would most likely be without much funding and would need a place to conk as well food and clothing. These are things that could be provided with ease if the grant was approved. Domestic violence is a very serious situation that is important for people to escape from while they can. They need all the help and assistance they can get and it is important that there is an organization willing and read y to help with this transition.

Visionary leadership Essay Example for Free

Visionary lead EssayWhen discussing the value of Christian attractorship, adept book that we could not readily ignore is the book of Nehemiah. Many of the most hot Christian values could ready be found in this early book of the Old Testament, only to be reiterated in various events all throughout the Bible. And since before we delve into the New Testament we shall be focusing on Old Testament teachings for they shall provide the background of many of the leadership styles that we would be encountering later on, perhaps it would be a good idea for our paper to startle magnify this book in section as an example of leadership (Woolfe, 2000). The book of Nehemiah highlights mickleary leadership through prayer. The make to share a fancy and to enable and empower others to become involved in making things happen, as well as the need to maintain leadership through periods of conflict and opposition. The book highlights the character Nehemiah, a cupbearer of the Persian emperor. The cupbearer, in show window one has no idea of the diachronic significance of such(prenominal) a position, is an important position of cuss for a member of the Jewish minority in the Persian court.It is through his leadership that Nehemiah had enabled established believability amongof the Jewish people through his example. During that time, it had already been more than a century past sinces the Persians had conquered Jerusalem in many of the Jews at that time had been in exile. Through Nehemiahs example, the Persian court had spotd the greatness of having Jews deter percent minority. However, perhaps the most notable event in Nehemiahs career as a cupbearer of the Persian court was when he had shared his flock with the king of Persia.The result of sharing the vision mildly end in a nonviolent way had had a positive effect on the king of Persia, again exemplifying that the cupbearer that he had chosen have been supportive of his campaign and many of the requests of Nehemiah had been given(p) by the king. When the vision was shared to other characters, the response had been different, and Nehemiah had facilitated a more assertive stand, still not one that is confrontational and could have created violent results.When Nehemiah arrives at Jerusalem, he creates a strategic analysis of the concomitant before sharing his vision with the Jews that had been left in Jerusalem. Of course, being one of the countrymen, the response was positive and in favor of him (Woolfe, 2000). Modern business leaders and managers need to understand that most of the concepts of leadership today, including the model of the transformational leader, had first been rooted in the actions of this biblical character.Many leadership books in the present highlights the importance of transformational leadership, a rule of leadership and wariness where leaders not only give commands to theirhis or her followers in couch for them to follow and execute (Bass, 2005). Rather, a transform ational leader recognizes the fact that in order for followers to achieve their adequate potential and create the highest output levels for the company, that the vision of what the company should do it should ought to be shared.In fact, this could be good recognized in many of the large corporations today where we find ceilings and walls written with their vision and mission statements, unneurotic with the values they recognize in the company (Thousand Oaks, 1993). Of course, we should also identify that not all companies follow such values orientation. Transformational leaders are rarely found today in large businesses because of their single-minded manipulation of pro lodge. And in a world where in it is either you gain the maximum level of profit, or you perish, it would perhaps be safe for us to assume that transformational leaders are nearing extinction.However, this does not needfully mean that we should dispense with looking for such leaders and training such leaders. In fact, if we are indeed to do anything close to it, we should focus our energies and goals in order to produce such leaders in the future. Again, if you are to use our FMCG political party as an example, transformational leadership may play an important role not only in the constant profit maximization of such a company, but also in the values integration and achieving of the vision of the business venture.As we have earlier discussed, because of the quantities that is produced by such fast-moving companies, it is also guaranteed that the amount of labor and servicemanity capital involved in the production, distribution, and sales of the products would be extremely high. In modern heed dynamics, we recognize the fact that as more and more people are employed into a business venture, organization, or company, the efficiency of leaders must also be proportional to the number of employees involved. Still another popular leadership method and leadership theory that we may be able to apply in this end is the team leadership theory.It basically classifies leaders and heads as managers, holding their ability to manage specialized human resourcesin the highest regard. The team leadership model states that the most effective leaders of our time art does not necessarily with the highest level of skill nor specialized abilities. Instead, the team leadership model reiterates the need for leaders which could identify those members in society and organization which are valuable because of their specialized tasks, or any other advantage that they may pose.The job of the team leader is to organize and collate such members of society and group to formulate a team aimed at accomplishing a certain task. S Wing in the journals of team performance management stated the essential role of team leaders in order to bring out the beaver in human capital. He points out in his term that often people do not view themselves as capable unless others in a higher position than them point out their capabilities.Also, his article points out the importance of being able to collate people into a unified whole encounter according to recent statistics that he had cited in the Journal, the output inner slopes rise exponentially and not on the nose the sum of its parts. (Wing, 2005) Now that we had identified the virus leadership models, if it had not been obvious or ready to the commentator of this paper, we could claim that the model of visionary leadership that is offered by characters and stories in the Bibleare combinations of the two popular leadership models in management dynamics today.In fact, if we observe closely the stories we have identified as well as the many other stories and parables that could be found within the text, elements of transformational leadership as well as the leadership could be found. So that we may avoid the pitfall of praising the Bible too much, let us point out that perhaps many of the stories found in the Bible are idealized ve rsions of historical accounts.The fact remains, however, if we refers strictly and believe absolutely that counts within the Old Testament books, we discover that our leadership models fit perfectly into combination with the characters that have been highlighted. FMCG companies are usually small in scale with respect to higher-level management but large in numbers for employees (Newcomen Society, 1957). And because of that high average variable costs involved in continuing the operation of the company, it would not be able to afford more section managers and overseers.And logically, what we substitute for amount is quality. In a company with only a handful of people in management positions, it would be perhaps essential for such companies in such leaders to be able to hire or trade existing managers towards a transformational leadership style. Like our example in the Bible were in scholarship and the sharing of vision must be integrated into leaders, but overall effect of a transf ormational leader had been modern businesses would have the same effect as that of the story in the Bible.

Jose Rizal Epic Poem Essay Example for Free

Jose Rizal Epic Poem leavenA natural hero was born on 1861His name was Jose RizalA gifted child who canvas foreign languagesThis great hero was the founder of La Liga Filipina.During his lifetime there was a warThe Philippines was tattered to the ground..Many uprisings were fought against the SpaniardsAll of it failed until the Noble Jose Rizal came.His divine weapon was not a sword nor a acceleratorBut a small pen. A pen so great it united the Filipinos. His words stimulate the hearts of allIt spread all over the country like a wild evokeThe Spaniards heard it just like a wind whispering to themThey locked Jose Rizal in a dark piddling chamber in a basementThey tortured him.. Oh poor sir Jose Rizal..Yet his hated grows and burns in spite of appearance his soulThe Filipinos planned to free himThey had worked so hard.. and it succeededJose sighed.. What a beautiful sightBut he say Ill stay here to represent our nationAndres Bonifacio another great hero said.. Are you su re Jose?And Jose replied with all my heart yes I am..The Spaniards came with an army so greatThey have to leave Jose Rizal to the hands of the monstrous SpaniardsThey confine him with a great heavy chainsTormented his life for trying to escapeAnd unrivaled day the government ordered his goalHis death day was on December 30, 1896There he was standing alone under the heavy rainBehind him a hundred gunman to exact him dead.The leader shouted Fire and then a gun echoed in the area,the Heroic Jose Rizal was shot in the back.. his eye sight blurred for the last timeHe felt the pain starts to erupt up to his spinehe breathe for the very last timeHe looked up into the misty discardcollapsing facing the gunmanThere he was lying dead on the bloody groundThe Clouds weeps for his deathAll the Filipinos who watched him get shot screamed NoHis death inflamed the hearts of the Filipinos

Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon Essay Example for Free

Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon EssayIt is an unquestionable fact that the cosmea of communication has immeasurable changed since Kenneth complete first developed his theories and philosophies on this topic in the first half(prenominal) of the 20th century. Nevertheless, dispatchs views and thoughts base still be integrated with the theory of cinema as well as face-to-face communication and other(a) forms of literature and art. Thus, as unmatched critic at a time said, perhaps Burke will non be remembered so much for what he said only if how others took his ideas and brought them forward into other realms of communication. In the 1920s, Burke began writing for the literary magazine The Dial, which included renderings of modernist art and his debates with individuals much(prenominal) as Malcolm Cowley on Dadaism and the Surrealists. His work the Symbolic marks an important time in his sentiment when he advocated art for arts sake or the doctrine that aesthetic values ar e wholly separate from political, religious, or economic champions. Burkes earliest essays dealt with the formal aspects of imagery and the rhythms of language. He believed that human beings was a construction of our interpretation of the symbols around us.Much of what we mean by reality has been built up for us done nothing but our symbol systems . . . Take away our books and what little do we contend about history, biography, even something so down to earth as the relative position of the seas and continents. What is our reality for today but all this clutter of symbols about the past combined with whatever things we know mainly finished maps, magazine, newspapers and the like about the presentAnd however important to us is the tiny sliver of reality all(prenominal) of us has experienced firsthand, the whole overall picture is but a construct of our symbol systems. (1966, p. 5)Thus, row are symbols, or utterances, produced by humans, alone, to signify those things that t hey represent. Despite the fact if they are written or verbal, delivery are a deliberate act for the expressed purpose of expression. A ho workout can be described al-Quran-by-word without showing what the house actually looks like. However, because words are symbols, they can never be what they represent. The word house will not be a house. Words are heuristic and can be identified and understood by the persons own mind and meaning.When a word is specifiable it becomes a representation of what it depicts. Dictionaries can help, but they alter meaning with those who read them. According to Burke, words pay off an unusual power. As for the relation between identification and persuasion we might well keep it in mind that a speaker persuades an audience by the use of stylistic identifications his act of persuasion whitethorn be for the purpose of causing the audience to identify itself with the speakers interests and the draws on identification of interests to pull in a rapport be tween himself and his audience. (1966, p. 301-302)Burke was thus instrumental in advancing the whole intellectual of rhetoric, with such aspects of his analysis as the pentad of drama, the role of identification, and the ratios or relationships among critical components. His pentad was comprised of the act (what occurs by the delivery of the rhetorical piece), the scene (the situational setup or the context of the discourse), the agent (the person being asked to realized the action), the agency (the tools used to complete the action), and the purpose (the goal of the action).If one analyzes the components of the pentad and their relationships to each other, Burke believed, one would be able to discern the motives underpinning that rhetorical act But we must acknowledge that photographs and, even to a greater extent so, film are much more complex. When someone sees a visual representation, it can mean multitudinous of ideas, emotions at once. This visual representation mimics, in fact the viewers own perception of livelihood and allows them a greater depth of understanding, or at the very least a sense of understanding, into the subject.In the 1940s, Burke expanded his interest in the visual culture and the function of art, film and television. He frequently used visual metaphors to explain key concepts, such as identification, representative anecdotes, the pentad, and terministic screens. In his introduction to A Grammar of Motives, Burke covered his theory of the pentad in relationship to a Museum of Modern Art in New York photographic exhibit with photos of war ships and an aerial photograph of two launches, proceeding side by side on a tranquil sea. Their wakes crossed and recrossed each other in an almost blank space variety of lines.Yet despite the intricateness of the tracery, the picture gave an impression of great simplicity, because one could quickly perceive the generating normal of its design. Such, ideally, is the case with our pentad of ter ms, used as generating principle. It should provide us with a kind of simplicity that can be developed into considerable complexity, and yet can be discovered beneath its elaborations. (1945, xvi) As observe in War and Cultural Life (1942), he was emotionally impacted by the photos and affirmed that one gets a very strong feeling that the war, vast as it is, is part of a still vaster configuration. (p. 409). Burke felt that the photos call(ed) forth a certain philosophic or meditative attitude toward the war kinda as it also gives nourishment to a strong sense of our national power (p. 408). He was so taken, in fact, by the photos that he noted it would be a very good service two to the strength of our patriotism and to its quality if this exhibit could be shown throughout the United States. (p. 408) In the Therministic Screen rhetorical Perspectives on Film (2001), David Blakesely relied on Burkes communication theory to look at cinema and the concept of the theory of film.Give n all the theories that exist about film, Blakesely notes that there need not be one theory to be elevated to disciplinary reverence, but rather the question is how best to use the terministic resources theory make available (pg. 2). The title of the book comes from Burkes phrase terministic screen in Language and Symbolic Action (1966), where his main assertion is that not only does the nature of our terms venture the nature of our observations, in the sense that the terms direct the attention to one field rather than to another.Also, many a(prenominal) of the observations are but implications of the particular terminology in terms of which the observations are made (pg. 46). In other words, as extrapolated from Burke, film rhetoric, or the visual and verbal symbols that weave film experience, directs the viewers attention in unlimited ways, but always towards the goal of fostering identification and the complexity that involves.Similarly, film theory, says Blakesley, which is th e lens through which and with which one generates perspective on film as art and rhetoric, acts as a terministic screen that filters what does and does not constitute and legitimize interpretation and, thus, meaning (pg. 3). In his essay about Burke (2001), Andrew King emphasizes that Burkes theories and assertions were not about ideology or political systems but about the over-rhetoricized world. He insists that gibe to Burke, even with the invention of writing, humans entered the world of virtual reality and building symbol systems.And, ever since, mankind has been piling symbol upon symbol and setting system over and against system. Simultaneously, with this ever-advanced technology, humans are cutting themselves off further and further from nature and the consequences of their actions. Technology delays the consequences of our assaults on our nature and symbolic systems mask our failures until it is too late. temperament is recalcitrant and it will have its revenge, but not un til it is too late for us to repair the results. (para. 17)

All Quiet on the Western Front Essay Example for Free

both(prenominal) Quiet on the Western Front EssayIn the novel All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque, the main character capital of Minnesota Bumers develop creationpowert shows the horrors of the First World War and the effect it had on the boyish men who fought in it. capital of Minnesota Bumer is the main character whom is nineteen years old, Bumer volunteered for the soldiers along look four of his programmemates. Some parts in the novel is written in past tense when Paul Bumer is collecting his thoughts. Most of the novel is written in Present tense. During the novel we see Paul Bumer changing as a person, he has just left school and is a juvenile boy with no experiences. By the end of this novel end even half way by he had become a well experienced man.Paul Bumer is the main character and similarly the narrator. At just nineteen years of age, Bumer volunteers for the German Army. Before fight is a young creative and passionate person who had lots of love for his family. As the struggle went on Bumer changed as a person. Bumer and four of his classmates cooperateed because they felt it was their patriotic duty. After a while of world in the trenches Bumer starts to get visions of being in Kantoreks class as he gave his great fight youth speech. He soon realises Kantorich persuaded the class to join.During the drill time Kantorek gave us long lectures until the whole of our class went under his shepherding to the District Commandant and volunteered.Bumer felt he was doing right by his country besides he soon feels he cant tell anyone to the highest degree his experience in the army and where his families are concerned he feels like an outsider. People like Kantorek are hypocrites, urging young pupils to join up whilst non volunteering himself.Kemmerich dies. This is the first death we experience as readers in the novel which is rattling upsetting.I became faint, all at once I can not do anymore He is dead. The type i s still wet from the tears. The eyes are half open and yellow like old cornet buttons.Bumer feels upset and dark inside, he has just lost his best friend, and they grew up together, school buddies. He is almost like a brother to Bumer. I feel sorry for Bumer at this point in the novel because I would hate to lose any of my friends or classmates if I was in the army because I think you would need a lot of friends and good people around to preserve your spirits high.This is one of Bumers most important memories because they got revenge on Himmelstoss. Himmelstoss was a postman before he enlisted in the war. He is a corporal who trains the recruits. Himmelstoss likes punishing the young recruits and is very harsh and strict.Tjaden wets his hind end Himmelstoss maintained that it was sheer laziness and invented a method worthy of himself for curing Tjaden with mattress of wire netting.The young men ended up unwell or with the cold because of this they ended up sleeping on the floor. Bumer and his friends got revenge by getting him from behind with a big white bed sheet and they cover his mouth with a pillow so he could not scream. Tjaden pulled down Himmelstoss trousers with a whip in his mouth. The training camp is harsh and full of sadness, I would not like to be there. Baume describes the front blood as a mysterious whirlpool.I am in still water far out from its center. I feel the whirl of the vortex sucking e slowly, irresistibly, inescapably into itself.The front line is a line along which apposing armies stage each other and is horrific because you are face to face and it is very hard to stay alive.Bumer feels different from everyone else in his hometown because he feels he is different, they are different. He has been away(predicate) for so long he does not feel at home anymore. Hes not just a boy anymore, hes without delay a man. I feel so much respect for Bumer by this symbolise because he has done so well and all army men deserve respect.When B umer returns home from leave he feels obliged to volunteer for a dangerous night patrol. Whilst in No-Mans Land Bumer gets lost. Paul hides in a fount hole but a bomb goes off behind him when he is alone.This is the first time I have killed with my handsBumer feels so guilty for killing the French man. He starts to think about the French mans tone and his family.If only he had run two yards further to the left, he might now be sitting in the trench over there and writing a letter to his wife.This changes Bumers character for the better because he now realises how precious life is. Bumer feels hatred against the war and realises its a bad thing. I personally think war should be illegal because what is the point in killing human beings for victory. I dont think thats a victory, its a crime to kill. If we are not at war you would be sent to prison and just because its war that makes it ok?The situation has got a lot worse for the German Army by this late stage in the Novel. In this part Bumer and Katazinsky are the last two soldiers alive from all the characters whom were introduced at the beginning of the Novel. Kat gets hit by a shrapnel at this point leaving him with a compressed shin. Bumer carried him back to camp on his back, only to discover on their arrival that a scat had hit Kat on the back of the head and killed him on the way. Kats death makes Bumer careless to suffer he dies in war or not and also he can now face the rest of his life without any fear.I feel sorry for Bumer at this point because he must feel so alone.Bumer is now alone without a friend in the trenches because the war has tell apartn all of them away and now Bumer is all alone.Let the months and years come, they can take nothing from me, they can take nothing more. I am so alone, and so without hope that I can confront them without fear.At the end of the novel Bumer is careless of his life. He has changed dramatically since the beginning. At the beginning Paul was a young boy wi th lots of dreams, now he is a man who is careless. I feel very lucky that none of my family died during the war and its a very aroused thing to go into.This book is important and should be read by future generations to show how life was and that they should realise how life was and that they should notice how lucky they are. This book makes you have so much for our soldiers.

Palliative Care Essay Example for Free

mitigatory Cargon EssayWithin this assignment the generator aims to identify and explore in depth the determination instruction of the specialiser everyeviatory conduct protects in the fellowship setting, and in particular how their role has evolved everyplace the go bad 5 yrs. The writer aims for the first part of the assignment to provide the reader with a brief background into the development of alleviatory fright and a history of how the traditional role of a alleviant disquiet nurse has grow from a more than familiarist perspective to that of a position of specialism. The writer will highlight the essential skills and qualities deemed crucial from a professional perspective in implementing such an hyperbolizeed nursing role, with particular attention focusing on the electrical shock this role development has made to patient centred sustainment. The writer will highlight the importance of inter-professional run foring in alleviatory veneration, and provide evidence of how the government activity priorities watch changed the boundaries of palliative c ar and how this has impacted on grooming of palliative contend work.The second fractional of the assignment aims to deliver analysis of both the role development of alliance specialiser palliative look at nurses and the recent changes, and provide evidence of how this role has impacted on society. The writer will aim to show evidence of how the role has been successful by providing patients perspectives of the service, and more importantly what rectifyments could be made in raise to ensure the safety of positions with the introduction of the youthful commissioning process being implemented.The World Health boldness (2009) defines palliative lot as keep patients and their families with physical, psychological, social and spiritual aspects of care during a physically and emotionally difficult journey of reenforcement with a non-curative condition. lots awareness o f palliative care has been united to the rise of the modern hospice movement back in 1967, when a doctor by the name of dolly Cicely Saunders was responsible for opening a hospice in London called St Christophers.Cicely voiced concerns ab away the way death was peckt with in hospitals around this time and focused her attention on burn uping death of cancer patients with more self-regard and humanity (Kearney and Richardson 2006). Cicely went on to write several articles for nursing journals and her work was opinion to be key to the development of the role of the clinical specialist palliative care nurse (Payne 2008). In the 1970s the first Macmillan nurses were introduced. Macmillan nurses were slackly employed by the National Health Service owever their posts were funded by Macmillan cancer support. The charitable service supplier offered topical anaesthetic wellness authorities the opportunity to enrol on a programme that would fund a Macmillan nursing post for a period o f 3 eld. Once the 3 year period ceased the health authority would become solely responsible for continuing the service out of their budgets (Lugton and Mcintyre 2005). Primarily the role of the Macmillan nurse back in the 1970s was to provide direct hands-on care for patients whose illness had progressed to the terminal storey as well as support for their families.The role of the Macmillan nurses today tends to focus on meeting the specialist palliative care necessarily of patients. They provide support with how to manage difficult symptoms associated with the illness and various injure control methods as well as advice on numerous other things, as opposed to the general palliative care in the form of hands on nursing care. This type of palliative care is provided by generalist nurses within the participation, such as district and community nurses.Their caseload non exclusively consists of patients requiring palliative care but patients with various other nursing needs. Not a ll specialist palliative care nurses make water the title Macmillan nurse, only those whose post were initially funded by Macmillan Cancer attendant and then the NHS. Macmillan nurses are registered nurses who have at least 5 years experience in nursing. In addition they have experience in cancer or palliative care and gain ground to their general nurse preparedness have completed specialist courses, which enable them to have the title specialist nurse (Macmillan Cancer Support 2010).The work carried out by both Macmillan nurses and clinical specialist palliative care nurses differ only slightly, regardless of where they work (Cambridge University Hospitals NHS 2007). According to Seymour et al (2002) the role of the Macmillan nurse has evolved to that of the clinical nurse specialist. A clinical nurse specialist was defined by The Royal College of Nursing in 1988 as having gained through boost training an advanced expertise and knowledge in a particular branch of nursing care. They set ahead clarified the role as having responsibility for clinical practice, education, management and having knowledge of relevant research on their specialist area of nursing (Newbury et al 2008). Palliative care patients medical needs can change rapidly and may anticipate the expertise of specialist palliative care nurses. unlike generalist nurses, specialist palliative care nurses sole priorities lie with patients with palliative care needs. Referrals to specialist nurses are made when the needs of palliative care patients are becoming more convoluted and their symptoms harder to manage (Buckley 2008).However a freshen carried out by Ahmed (2004) suggests that there is lack of understanding of when and to whom referrals should be made to making them inconsistent. This lack of knowledge could be a barrier to the specialist palliative care nurses success. Another view could be that generalist nurses have been providing palliative care for many years, so wherefore shoul d they feel they need to hand over the care of the patients? The Royal College of Nursing (2002) outlined essential skills that were thought to be necessary to the role of specialist palliative care nurses.These were effective communication and the ability to deal with peoples grief, loss and bereavement. Lugton and Mcintyre (2005) suggest that communication is the key attribute to the role of the specialist palliative care nurse however Penson (2000) argues that comfort is the key attribute. Community specialist palliative care nurses are just one group of professionals that make up the multi-disciplinary team providing patients with palliative care. Their work involves close radio link and communication with patients general practitioners, district and community nurses as well as community matrons.Community matrons are a relatively new role development. They were introduced in 2006 and the role was thought to be developed as a result of the population of the coupled solid groun d living bulkyer and living with long term conditions. Their work involves looking at the patient holistically and supporting them whilst addressing the complex needs associated with their long term condition. (Sines et al 2009). Supporting patients to manage their symptoms and aiding them to live fissiparously was one of the main proposals set out in the National Service Framework for long term conditions (Department of Health 2005).Prior to the introduction of community specialist palliative care nurses palliative care for the past 150 years or more was provided by district and community nurses in the home environment (Pellett 2009). According to Meehan (2010) within the United Kingdom numbers of qualified district nurses functional in the community has fallen dramatically. This questions whether the introduction of the specialist nurses such as community specialist palliative care nurses and community matrons has contributed to these numbers falling. With shortages of district nurses patients care will be impacted upon.Terminally ill patients who have agreed their preferred place of care may have this taken away if problems arise in their condition and they eventually end up having to be admitted to the hospital or hospice unnecessarily (National Audit Office 2008). This in turn will have an impact on the current trends at the heart of the governments priorities which following the NHS next stage review looked at increasing areas of healthcare into the community and reducing hospital admissions in an attempt to cut NHS be (Darzi 2008). When the government announced their financial cuts to the NHS back in 2007 specialist nurse posts came under attack.Specialist services as opposed to generalist services are expensive and specialist nurses are in a higher pay band making them more vulnerable to losing their positions in outgo cuts (Dean 2010). This questions the governments views on specialist nurses. Are they seen as additional extras that could cut ba ck in future spending cuts, in turn having an effect on patient care? Although the role of the specialist palliative care nurse is not a recent development to community nursing their role has changed over the live on five years.This is in response to the needs of the population and government priorities. Demographic changes are a shoot a line that have impacted on the work of the community specialist palliative care nurse. According to Sines et al (2009) the United Kingdoms population is set to increase by 7. 2% by the year 2016. The central reasons for this increase are repayable to the fact that individuals are living longer and migration. Gomes and Higginson (2008) suggest that by the year 2030, 22% of the United Kingdom and Wales will be aged 65 years and over, with devil thirds of people being over 75 years old when they infract.Older age inevitably increases the induction that people are more likely to suffer from non communicable diseases as well as cancers and the pre sence of co-morbidities (Payne 2008). The needs of the aging population will mean that community specialist palliative care nurses will be called upon to deal with increasing demand on palliative care services. As well as the population of the United Kingdom increasing so has patients expectations of the NHS, health and social care due to the input from the media.The introduction of the white paper Our Health, Our care, Our say a new direction for community services (2006) set out by the Department of Health was thought to be responsible for these expectations. pot up and down the country were asked what they liked and wanted from their local health and social care services. People responded with enthusiasm and the government listened and promised to give the public more choices, providing better information rough their health and how to lodge healthy.The paper gave people more power and influence over the type and recommended standard of service they were to be offered locally. People expect to be treated more as partners and equals and expect choices and options available to them (Department of Health 2006). The provision of palliative care has also changed, historically provision of palliative care focused on supporting patients with cancer however over the last few years moves have taken place to expand the scope of specialist palliative care in clubhouse to attend to needs of patients with non-malignant diseases (Small et al 2000).In 1997 the department of health released a white paper The New NHS Modern and Dependable which suggested that the Calman-Hine Report A policy Framework for Commissioning Cancer Services (1995), which examined and proposed a restructuring to cancer services in the United Kingdom could extend its services even further to include people with non-malignant diseases (Department of Health 1997).Amongst the Calman-Hine report were recommendations that everyone with cancer should have equal rag to high levels of expertise regardle ss of where they reside in the country, and a government note between palliative and terminal care meaning that patients have access to services earlier on in their illness (Calman Hine 1995). Expanding specialist palliative care to patients with non-malignant diseases has had a significant impact on the work load of specialist palliative care services by stretching resources to the limit.Although emphasis has been on providing all patients with life limiting diseases palliative care, is this actually being done? According to Watson et al (2005) specialist palliative care services are not readily available to patients with non-malignant diseases as they are to cancer patients. there is also a lack of support for patients from the voluntary services such as Marie Curie. In order to assist nurses to deliver evidence based practise initiatives such as care pathways were developed.These developments were put in place following the introduction of the white paper A First Class Service -Quality in the new NHS back in 1998. The white paper was proposed by the government and aimed at producing a strategy to improve the delivery of health care. Three national initiatives which are important parts to the palliative care approach are the Gold measuring rod Framework, Preferred Place of Care document and the Liverpool Care Pathway. The Gold Standard Framework is a programme of assessment and care. Its aims are to improve quality of life for both patients and their families in the last year of a patients life.The Liverpool Care Pathway was developed 10 years ago and is a tool to assist health care professionals care for those who are in their last few days of living. The third initiative preferred place of care document is aimed at pose the patient at the centre of care, giving patients the choice regarding where they would like to be cared for and where they choose to die (Ellershaw Wilkinson 2003). The preferred place of care document is important to the changing ro le of the community specialist palliative care nurse.The End of Life Strategy for England delivered by the Department of Health (2008) set out a citywide plan to improve end of life care for all dying people. This is the first strategy that does not solely concentrate on improving end of life care for people with cancer. Following on from the governments proposals in 2003 one of the key components of the strategy is giving people the choice about where they choose to die. Given the choice many people would prefer to die in their own homes with passable support from professionals, however this is not always possible (Thomas 2004).At the beginning of the 20th century the bulk of people who were terminally ill died in their own homes whereas today statistics show that 66% of people die in hospitals and 19% at home (Ellershaw Wilkinson 2003). Some of the reasons why this is not possible are due to inadequate symptom control, which is an important role of the community specialist pall iative care nurses. Community specialist palliative care nurses generally work normal working hours so what provision is there for patients immaterial of these hours and who covers the work of the nurses when their working day is complete?Palliative patients complex needs require swift responses from palliative specialists when it comes to out of hours services. If patients were receiving 24 hour care unnecessary emergency hospital admissions and throe of patients would be reduced. A number of community specialist palliative care nurses within certain trusts have gone onto complete nurse prescribing courses. They have the ability to place from the extended formulary making them independent prescribers. For specialist nurses having this expanded nursing skill means they have the opportunity to work more autonomously.As one of the key roles of the community specialist palliative care nurse is managing difficult symptoms having the ability to prescribe immediately and appropriately helps promote a service that will reduce patients and carers distress (Mula and Ware 2003). This further acknowledges the importance of specialist nurses working out of normal working hours. The National Institute for Clinical integrity (2004) suggests that in order to provide good end of life care patients need to have access to specialist palliative care 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.However a report by the National Audit office (2008) reported that just over half of local health authorities provided such care. The last government promised that all cancer patients would have access to specialist nurses trained in their condition (Rose 2010) however generally this too is only available during normal working hours according to Macmillan Cancer Support (2010) meaning that it is then acceptable for such care to be provided by generalist nurses.